Ekologi Pangan Dan Gizi Pdf

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  1. Karenanya, peningkatan status gizi masyarakat memerlukan kebijakan yang menjamin setiap anggota masyarakat untuk memproleh makanan yang cukup jumlah dan mutunya, dalam konteks itu masalah gizi tidak lagi semata-mata masalah kesehatan tapi juga masalah kemiskinan, pemerataan, dan masalah kesempatan kerja.Status gizi dapat dinilai dengan dua cara, yaitu penilaian status gizi secara langsung dan penilaian status gizi secara tidak langsung.
  2. Dalam gizi seimbang tidak hanya mendidik soal makanan dan keseimbangan komposisi zat gizi dan kebutuhan tubuh akan zat gizi (karbohidrat, protein, lemak, vitamin dan mineral, dan air), tetapi juga kesimbangan dengan pola hidup bersih untuk mencegah kontaminasi makanan dan infeksi.

Sejalan dengan sasaran global dan perkembangan keadaan pangan dan gizi masyarakat, rumusan tujuan umum program pangan dan gizi tahun 2001-2005 yaitu menjamin ketahanan pangan tingkat keluarga, mencegah dan menurunkan masalah gizi, mewujudkan hidup sehat dan status gizi yang optimal.

Background: Antioxidant elements such as vitamin C, vitamin E, lycopene, chlorophyl, polyphenol, and other flavonoid existed on various foods of fruits, vegetable, tea, coffee, and others. The foods are usually consumed in our every single day.

Some previous studies had shown that there were various benefits of antioxidant elements for animal and human health. However, the antioxidative effect of the antioxidant elements in combating free radicals in the body is not similar to each other.

Objective: This study was aimed to analyze the effect of antioxidant foods (green grass jelly drinks, tomato juice, papaya, and black tea) on blood levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) among college students. Method: The study was designed by pre-post test control study. Subjects were divided into five groups, consisted of four intervention groups and one control group.

Every group consisted 6 persons. Each subject was asked to consume one kind of antioxidant foods in a single serving size per day for 21 days. Results: All of the subjects who consumed fried foods had high MDA levels in pre-intervention. The results of this study showed that MDA level in the group of green grass jelly drink decreased significantly (p0,05). Conclusion: The antioxidant foods which can reduce plasma MDA level were green grass jelly drink. However, tomato juice, papaya, and tea can also reduce plasma MDA level, but not statistically significant. Nurohmi S, Amalia L.

Pangan

Pengetahuan gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan tingkat kecukupan gizi aktivis Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa (BEM) IPB. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 2012;7(3):151. Zhang Q, Saleh ASM, Chen J, Shen Q. Chemical alterations taken place during deep-fat frying based on certain reaction products: a review.

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Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 2012;165:662-81. Leong XF, Salimon J, Mustafa MR, Jaarin K. Effect of repeatedly heated palm olein on blood pressure-regulating enzymes activity and lipid peroxidation in rats.

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Toxicological potentials of repeated frying on antioxidant status of vegetable oils. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology 2013;2(3):1-6.

Ramatina, Amalia L, Ekayanti I. Pengaruh suplemen antioksidan terhadap kadar malondialdehid plasma mahasiswi IPB. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 2014;9(1):35-42. Wahyuni, Asj’ari SR, Sadewa AH. Kajian kemampuan jus buah tomat (Solanum Lycopersicum) dalam menghambat peningkatan kadar malondyaldehide plasma setelah latihan aerobik tipe high impact. Jurnal Kesehatan 2008;2:123-32. Bhattacharya S, Gachhui R, Sil PC.

Effect of kombucha, a fermented black tea in attenuating oxidative stress, mediated tissue damage in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2013;60:328-40. Castell JV, Gmez-Lechn MJ.

In vitro methods in pharmaceutical research. London: Academic Pr; 2001. Fatimah AZ, Sartika RAD.

Describing fatty acid content in fried foods by using gas chromatography analysis. Agricultural Science Research Journal 2013;3(11):364-9. Ascorbic acid, vitamin A, and mineral composition of banana (Musa sp.) and papaya (Carica papaya) cultivars grown in Hawaii.

J Food Comp Anal 2006;19(5):434-45. Nurdin, Kusharto CM, Tanziha I, Januwati M. Kandungan klorofil berbagai jenis daun tanaman dan Cu-turunan klorofil serta karakteristik fisiko-kimianya. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 2009;4(1):13-9. Mekanisme aktivitas antitumor bubuk daun cincau hijau (Premna oblongifolia Merr.) pada mencit C3H yang ditransplantasi sel tumor payudara Tesis. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor; 2011.

Pinela J, Barros L, Carvalho AM, Ferreira ICFR. Nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of four tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) farmer’ varieties in Northeastern Portugal homegardens. Food Chem Toxicol 2012;50(3-4):829-34. Hanson PM, Yang R, Wu J, Chen J, Ledesma D, Tsou SCS. Variation for antioxidant activity and antioxidants in tomato. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 2004;129(5):704-11.

Krishna KL, Paridhavi M, Patel JA. Review on nutritional, medical, and pharmacological properties of papaya (Carica papaya Linn.). Nat Prod Radiance 2008;7(4):364-73. Aravind G, Bhowmik D, Duraivel S, Harish G. Traditional and medicinal uses of Carica Papaya. J Med Plants Stud 2013;1(1):7-15. Wurochekke AU, Eze HT, Declan B.

Comparative study on the nutritional content of Carica papaya at different ripening stages. Int J Pure Appl Sci Technol 2013;14(2):80-3. Comparison of the antioxidant capacity and the antimicrobial activity of black and green tea. Food Res Int 20-82.

Yao LH, Jiang YM, Caffin N, D’Arcy B, Datta N, Liu X, Singanusong R, Xu Y. Phenolic compounds in tea from Australian supermarkets. Food Chem 2006;96:614-20.

Pham-Huy LA, He H, Pham-Huy C. Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health.

Ekologi Pangan Dan Gizi

Int J Biomed Sci 2008;4(2):89-96. Shalaby EA, Shanab SMM. Antioxidant compounds, assays of determination and mode of action.

Gizi

Makalah Ekologi Pangan Dan Gizi Pdf

Afr J Pharm Pharmacol 2013;7(10):528-39. Amirkhizi F, Siassi F, Minaie S, Djalali M, Rahimi A, Chamari M.

Is obesity associated with increased plasma lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in women. ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 2007;2(4):189-92. Hsu CY, Chao PY, Hu SP, Yang CM. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of chlorophylls and phaeophytins.

Food Nutr Sci 2013;4:1-8. Valverde IM, Periago MJ, Provan G, Chesson A. Phenolic compounds, lycopene and antioxidant activity in commercial varieties of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). J Sci Food Agric 2002;82:323-300. Alda LM, Gogoasa I, Bordean DM, Gergen I, Alda S, Moldoven C, Nita L. Lycopene content of tomatoes and tomato products. J Agroaliment Proc Technol 2009;15(4):540-2.

Omonkhua AA, Onoagbe IO. Effect of irvingia grandifolia, urena iobata, and carica papaya on the oxidative status of normal rabbits. Internet J Nutr Wellness 2007;6(2). Joukar S, Shahouzehi B, Najafipour H, Gholamhoseinian A, Joukar F. Ameliorative effect of black tea on nicotine induced cardiovascular pathogenesis in rat.

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Bioavailability and antioxidant activity of tea flavanols after consumption of green tea, black tea, or a green tea extract supplement. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80(6):1558-64. Mena S, Ortega A, Estrela JM. Oxidative stress in environmental-induced carcinogenesis. Mutat Res 2009;674(1-2):36-44.